Nkhani

Mumzere wopangira chakudya, kutseketsa kutentha kwambiri ndikofunikira kwambiri.Cholinga chachikulu cha kulera ndi Bacillus botulinum, yomwe imatha kutulutsa poizoni zomwe zimawononga thupi la munthu.Ndi mabakiteriya a anaerobic osamva kutentha omwe amatha kutenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa 121 ° C.Idzataya zochitika zake zamoyo mkati mwa mphindi zitatu, ndipo idzataya zochitika zake zamoyo pamalo a 100 ° C kwa maola 6.Inde, kutentha kukakhala kokwera kwambiri, kumachepetsanso nthawi yamoyo ya mabakiteriya.Malinga ndi kuyesa kwasayansi, kutseketsa ndikoyenera kwambiri pa 121 ℃.Panthawiyi, zoyikapo zimakhala ndi kutentha kwabwino komanso kukoma kwa chakudya kumakhala bwino.Pamene sterilizing pa 121 ° C, mtengo wa F wa malo a chakudya umafika 4, ndipo B. botulinum sichidzadziwika mu chakudya, chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira za sterility yamalonda.Chifukwa chake, tikamatenthetsa nyama, kutentha kumayendetsedwa pafupifupi 121 ° C.Kutentha kwambiri kungasokoneze kukoma kwa chakudya!

Njira yotseketsa

1. Kutseketsa kwa madzi otentha:

Panthawi yotseketsa, chakudya chonse mumphika chimanyowa m'madzi otentha, ndipo kugawa kwa kutentha kumakhala motere.

2. Kutsekereza nthunzi:

Chakudyacho chikayikidwa mumphika, madzi samawonjezeredwa poyamba, koma mwachindunji mu nthunzi kuti atenthe.Chifukwa pali malo ozizira mumlengalenga mumphika panthawi yotseketsa, kufalitsa kutentha motere sikuli kofanana kwambiri.

3. Kuphetsa utsi wamadzi:

Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mphuno kapena kupopera madzi otentha pa chakudya.Njira yolera ndiyo kupopera madzi otentha ooneka ngati mafunde pamwamba pa chakudya kudzera m'milomo yoyikidwa mbali zonse kapena pamwamba pa mphika wotsekera.Sikuti kutentha ndi yunifolomu ndipo palibe ngodya akufa, komanso Kutentha ndi kuzirala liwiro mofulumira, amene akhoza comprehensively, mwamsanga ndi stably samatenthetsa mankhwala mumphika, amene makamaka oyenera yolera yotseketsa zakudya zofewa mmatumba.

4. Kusakaniza kosakaniza ndi nthunzi wa madzi:

Njira yolera iyi idayambitsidwa ndi France.Amaphatikiza mochenjera mtundu wa nthunzi ndi mtundu wa shawa yamadzi.Madzi ochepa amawonjezeredwa mumphika kuti akwaniritse ntchito yopopera yozungulira.Nthunzi imalowa m'dzikoli mwachindunji, yomwe imazindikiradi kuti nthawi yayitali kwambiri, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, ndi yoyenera pazinthu zapadera.Za kutsekereza.

Kusamalitsa

Kutentha kwambiri ndi kofunikira pafakitale yokonza chakudya.Lili ndi makhalidwe awiri awa:

1. Nthawi imodzi: Ntchito yoletsa kutentha kwambiri iyenera kumalizidwa nthawi imodzi kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto, popanda kusokoneza, ndipo chakudya sichingatseke mobwerezabwereza.
2. The abstraction of the sterilization effect: chakudya chosawilitsidwa sichingadziwike ndi maso, ndipo kuyesa kwa chikhalidwe cha bakiteriya kumatenganso mlungu umodzi, kotero n'zosatheka kuyesa kutseketsa kwa chakudya chilichonse chosawilitsidwa.
Kutengera zomwe zili pamwambapa, izi zimafuna opanga kuti:

1. Choyamba, tiyenera kuchita bwino paukhondo wa njira yonse yopangira chakudya, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya mu thumba lililonse la chakudya tisananyamule ndi kofanana, kuti zitsimikizire kuti njira yotsekera yokhazikika ikugwira ntchito.
2. Chofunikira chachiwiri ndi kukhala ndi zida zotsekereza zokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito okhazikika komanso kuwongolera kutentha kolondola, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yotsekera yokhazikika popanda kulephera komanso cholakwika chochepa kuti muwonetsetse kuti mulingo ndi wofanana wa mphamvu yolera.